Introduction
Lung cancer is a malignant lung tumor. There are 2 main types, the small-cell carcinoma and non-small-cell lung carcinoma. In 2012, lung cancer was the leading cause of death from cancer for men and the second for women. Most of lung cancer (85%) is caused by tobacco smoking, the rest is often caused by genetics. To treat lung cancer, strategies such as surgery, chemostherapy, and radiotherapy are used (more detailed information).
Mechanisms and genetic alterations
Cancer is a genetic disease. Smoking and pollution can potentially
cause genetic alterations. For non-small cell lung cancer, the major genetic mutations include TP53, LRP1B, KRAS, KMT2C,
KMT2D, KEAP1, FAT1 (this and the following are all in decreasing order of frequency). The gene copy number alterations include
CDKN2A, CDKN2B, SOX2, KLHL6, PRKCI (the data).
For small cell long cancer some of the major genetic mutations include TP53, RB1, LRP1B, KMT2D, FAT1, NOTCH1, PTPRB. (the data)
Current lung cancer treatments
Treatment for non-small lung cancer is dependent of the stage of the cancer (more information).
New treatments in clinical trials
